Risk Warning: Spread bets and CFDs are complex instruments and come with a high risk of losing money rapidly due to leverage. 68% of retail investor accounts lose money when spread betting and/or trading CFDs with CMC Markets. You should consider whether you understand how spread bets and CFDs work, and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money.
What Are the ETF Trading Conditions at CMC Markets for UK Traders?
Exchange-traded funds have become one of the most popular instruments among retail investors in the United Kingdom. Whether you are seeking diversified exposure to the FTSE All-World, speculating on US tech via the Nasdaq QQQ, or taking a tactical view on sector rotations, ETFs offer a cost-efficient, liquid, and transparent route into global markets. For UK-based traders who want to go further — using leverage, going short, or trading around corporate events — CMC Markets provides one of the most comprehensive ETF trading environments of any FCA-authorised broker on the market today.
This guide covers every material aspect of ETF trading conditions at CMC Markets in 2026, written specifically for UK residents operating under FCA rules. It examines spreads, commissions, overnight holding costs, leverage limits, margin requirements, platform access, regulatory protections, and how CMC compares against alternative brokers available to UK traders. Whether you are a seasoned CFD trader or exploring your first leveraged ETF position, this is the definitive reference for understanding what you are getting into before you open a trade.
CMC Markets: Background and UK Regulatory Standing
Founded in London in 1989, CMC Markets plc is one of the longest-established CFD and spread betting providers in the world. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange under the ticker CMCX and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 index — a level of transparency and public accountability that very few retail brokers can match anywhere in the world.
In the United Kingdom, CMC Markets operates under two regulated entities:
CMC Markets UK plc (FCA registration number 173730) — serves retail and professional CFD trading clients in the UK. FSCS protected up to £85,000.
CMC Spreadbet plc (FCA registration number 170627) — serves UK spread betting clients. Also FSCS protected up to £85,000.
Both entities are authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). UK retail clients benefit from the full range of FCA consumer protections, including segregated client funds held separately from CMC’s own money, negative balance protection (meaning you cannot lose more than your account balance), and access to the Financial Ombudsman Service if a dispute arises.
For UK traders, the FCA’s robust regulatory framework is the gold standard. CMC Markets also holds licences from ASIC (Australia), BaFin (Germany), MAS (Singapore), CIRO (Canada), and FMA (New Zealand) — making it one of the most extensively regulated multi-asset CFD brokers serving retail clients globally.
If you want to compare FCA-regulated brokers side by side, you can use the Compare FCA Regulated Brokers tool on CompareBroker.io to evaluate regulatory strength, spreads, and account types across 100+ authorised firms.
How Does CMC Markets Offer ETF Trading in the UK?
It is important to understand the structural distinction between the two ways CMC Markets allows UK clients to gain ETF exposure, as they have meaningfully different trading conditions, cost structures, and tax treatment.
ETF CFDs (Contracts for Difference
A CFD on an ETF allows you to speculate on the price of the ETF without taking ownership of the underlying fund. You can go long (buy) if you think the ETF will rise, or go short (sell) if you expect it to fall. CFD profits and losses are subject to Capital Gains Tax (CGT) in the UK.
ETF Spread Bets
UK residents can also access ETF instruments through CMC’s spread betting account. Spread betting is economically similar to CFD trading — you are still speculating on price movement without owning the ETF — but gains from spread betting are exempt from Capital Gains Tax and stamp duty. This tax-efficient structure makes spread betting the preferred route for many UK retail traders. For a broader look at spread betting options, see the Compare Spread Betting Brokers UK guide on CompareBroker.io.
Physical ETFs via CMC Invest
CMC Invest — CMC’s separate investing arm launched in the UK in 2022 — allows UK investors to buy and hold real ETF units outright through a Stocks and Shares ISA, Cash ISA, SIPP, or General Investment Account. This is not leveraged trading. CMC Invest does not currently support fractional shares, meaning you purchase whole ETF units, and any undivided cash from ISA contributions remains uninvested until you can buy another full unit.
This guide focuses primarily on the leveraged ETF trading conditions available through the CFD and spread betting accounts, which is where the vast majority of active traders will be operating.
ETF Range at CMC Markets: What Can UK Traders Access?
CMC Markets offers access to over 1,000 ETFs for CFD and spread betting trading. This is one of the broadest ETF selections available from any single UK retail broker. The catalogue spans:
US-Listed ETFs — SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust (SPY), Invesco QQQ Trust (QQQ), iShares Russell 2000 ETF (IWM), and dozens of sector and thematic funds covering technology, healthcare, energy, financials, consumer staples, and more.
European-Listed ETFs — Including FTSE 100 trackers, Euro Stoxx funds, and country-specific ETFs covering Germany, France, and pan-European exposure.
Thematic and Sector ETFs — CMC’s trading team curates themed ETF groups covering popular ideas such as technology, biotech and pharma, and consumer discretionary sectors, making it easy for UK traders to identify instruments aligned to macro themes.
Bond and Fixed Income ETFs — Providing exposure to UK gilts, US treasuries, corporate bonds, and investment-grade fixed income indices.
Commodity ETFs — Including precious metals ETFs (gold, silver) and energy-related exchange-traded products.
Notably, CMC Markets also offers options trading on selected ETFs, specifically on leading indices, shares, and precious metal ETFs — an additional toolkit unavailable at many competing UK retail platforms.
For traders looking to compare ETF availability across multiple brokers before committing to a single platform, the Compare All Brokers tool at CompareBroker.io lets you filter by ETF access alongside dozens of other criteria.
CMC Markets ETF Trading Conditions: Spreads
Variable Spread Model
CMC Markets operates on a variable spread model for ETF CFDs and spread bets. This means the spread — the difference between the buy (ask) and sell (bid) price — fluctuates based on real-time market liquidity, trading session, and volatility conditions.
Under normal market conditions during peak liquidity hours, CMC Markets’ ETF spreads are described as tight, and the firm publishes historical spread data directly on its platform. This level of transparency — allowing traders to see what spreads have looked like during specific periods — is not standard practice across the UK retail broker industry.
Key factors that cause ETF spreads to widen at CMC Markets:
- Pre-market and after-market hours (when the underlying ETF’s home exchange is closed)
- US market open and close (high volatility windows)
- Major macroeconomic data releases (US CPI, Non-Farm Payrolls, Bank of England rate decisions)
- Low-liquidity periods such as the Asian session overlap
- Major geopolitical events causing sudden price gapping
Commission Structure for ETF CFDs
For ETF CFDs, CMC Markets charges a commission in addition to the spread. The commission structure is as follows:
European ETF CFDs: Fixed commission of EUR 9 (or equivalent) minimum, applied at 0.10% of the notional value of the trade.
US and Canadian ETF CFDs: Commission of 0.02 cents per unit, with a maximum cap of USD 10 per trade.
UK and European ETF Spread Bets: There is no separate commission. The cost of spread betting ETFs at CMC Markets is captured entirely within the spread (the difference between buy and sell prices). An additional spread charge applies when entering and exiting spread bet positions on ETFs.
This commission-free spread betting structure makes ETF spread bets at CMC Markets a genuinely cost-competitive choice for UK traders — particularly those holding shorter-term positions where overnight financing costs are not a material factor.
Price+ Volume Discount Scheme
All CMC Markets CFD and spread betting account holders automatically participate in the Price+ tiered volume discount programme. As you trade more, you receive progressively tighter spreads:
Traders with accounts containing £25,000 or more qualify for the Alpha programme, which provides between 5% and 40% spread discounts depending on monthly volume. At full Alpha discount, EUR/USD spreads can be as low as 0.50 pips — illustrating the firm’s commitment to rewarding active clients.
ETF Leverage and Margin Requirements: FCA Rules Applied
Retail Client Leverage Limits (UK)
Under FCA regulations, retail clients trading ETF CFDs or ETF spread bets at CMC Markets are subject to the following leverage caps:
ETF CFDs and Spread Bets: Maximum 1:5 leverage
This means to open a £5,000 notional ETF position, you need a minimum margin deposit of £1,000 (20% of trade value).
The 1:5 leverage cap on ETF instruments reflects the FCA’s tiered approach to leverage limits, which sets lower maximums on instruments considered more volatile or complex:
Instrument Type | Maximum Retail Leverage (UK/FCA) |
Major forex pairs | 1:30 |
Minor forex pairs, major indices | 1:20 |
Commodities (excl. gold) | 1:10 |
Individual shares, ETFs | 1:5 |
Cryptocurrencies | 1:2 |
For UK retail traders, the 1:5 ETF leverage is the regulatory ceiling — CMC Markets applies this consistently across its UK-regulated entities for retail-classified clients.
Professional Client Status
Clients who meet the FCA’s elective professional client criteria — typically requiring two of: relevant trading experience (10+ significant trades per quarter over the past year), a financial portfolio over €500,000, or significant professional experience in financial markets — can apply for professional status and access leverage beyond retail caps.
However, professional status removes key retail protections including FSCS compensation eligibility and negative balance protection. This is not a decision to be taken lightly. The majority of UK retail traders are better served operating within FCA retail protections.
Margin Close-Out Rule
CMC Markets applies the FCA’s mandatory 50% margin close-out rule to retail clients. If the equity in your account falls to 50% of your total margin requirement across all open positions, CMC Markets will begin closing your positions automatically, starting with the most loss-making, to prevent further losses. This is a consumer protection measure, not a penalty.
Understanding the margin close-out mechanism is essential before trading leveraged ETFs. A sharp intraday move in an ETF — for example, during a US Federal Reserve announcement or a surprise macroeconomic print — can rapidly erode margin buffers on leveraged positions.
Overnight Holding Costs on ETF Positions
One of the most commonly overlooked costs among retail traders is the overnight financing charge — known at CMC Markets as the “holding cost.” If you hold an open ETF position past 10pm UK time (5pm EST), a holding cost is applied to your account.
How ETF Holding Costs Are Calculated at CMC Markets
For ETF CFDs, the holding cost formula is:
Holding Cost = (Reference Interest Rate ± 0.0082%) × Notional Trade Value / 365
The reference interest rate used is the underlying daily rate for the currency in which the ETF is denominated. For a USD-denominated ETF (such as SPY), this is based on US dollar overnight interest rates. For GBP-denominated ETFs, the calculation references UK sterling overnight rates.
The 0.0082% per day adjustment represents CMC Markets’ spread on the financing rate — approximately 3% annualised — which is broadly in line with industry norms for UK CFD brokers.
Long positions (buy trades) are charged the reference rate plus 0.0082%. Short positions (sell trades) are credited the reference rate minus 0.0082%. In high-rate environments, short ETF positions can generate a positive holding credit, which partially offsets spread costs.
Holding costs for three days are applied on Wednesdays (for positions rolled over the weekend from Thursday to Monday through to Wednesday), meaning traders should factor in the compound overnight cost structure when holding ETF positions over multiple days or weeks.
Practical Implication for UK Traders
For short-term traders holding ETF positions for intraday or 1-2 day periods, overnight holding costs are a minor consideration. However, for traders using CMC Markets to gain medium-term leveraged exposure to an ETF theme — say, holding a technology ETF for several weeks — the cumulative daily financing cost must be factored into the return calculation.
This is why many long-term ETF investors in the UK choose to access ETFs through CMC Invest (for physical, unlevered ownership within an ISA or SIPP) while using the CFD or spread betting accounts for shorter-term tactical positions.
Platform Access for ETF Trading at CMC Markets UK
Next Generation (Proprietary Web & Mobile Platform)
CMC Markets has invested over £100 million in its proprietary Next Generation platform, which is available on web and mobile. For ETF trading, the Next Generation platform offers:
- Over 115 technical indicators and pattern recognition tools
- Price projection and Fibonacci tools
- Customisable chart layouts saveable across sessions
- Real-time Reuters news integrated directly into ETF product pages
- Morningstar quantitative equity analysis available free of charge on the platform
- ETF product overview pages showing historical holding costs, margin rates, and spread history
- Guaranteed stop-loss order functionality (for a small premium over the standard spread)
The Next Generation platform is widely regarded as one of the most sophisticated proprietary platforms available to UK retail traders, with deep customisation and robust risk management tools.
TradingView Integration
In 2025, CMC Markets added TradingView integration for CFD account holders. TradingView’s renowned charting environment — featuring Pine Script, an active global community, and thousands of community-built indicators — can now be used directly in conjunction with CMC’s tight ETF spreads. This is a significant upgrade for traders who already use TradingView for analysis and want to execute directly from the same interface.
Note: TradingView integration is available on CMC’s CFD account but not on the MT4 account.
MetaTrader 4 (MT4)
CMC Markets supports MetaTrader 4 for CFD trading. However, there is an important limitation specific to ETF trading: MT4 at CMC Markets does not provide access to ETFs, shares, rates, or bonds. On the MT4 account, traders can access forex, indices, and commodities only.
For ETF trading, UK clients must use the Next Generation platform or TradingView (CFD account only). This is a meaningful restriction for MT4-native traders who wish to incorporate ETF positions into their strategies.
For a comparison of brokers that offer MT4 access to ETFs and shares, the Compare MT4 Brokers guide at CompareBroker.io provides a filtered view of alternatives.
Mobile App
CMC Markets’ mobile trading app is available on iOS and Android and mirrors the functionality of the web platform impressively closely. ETF positions can be opened, managed, and closed on mobile with access to live charts, guaranteed stop-losses, and the full ETF product catalogue.
UK Tax Treatment of ETF Trading at CMC Markets
Tax treatment is one of the most practically important distinctions for UK traders choosing between ETF CFDs and ETF spread bets.
ETF Spread Betting: Tax-Free Gains
Profits from spread betting ETFs at CMC Markets are generally exempt from Capital Gains Tax and stamp duty in the UK. This is because spread betting is classified as gambling under UK law, and gambling winnings are not subject to income or capital gains tax for most UK residents. This tax-efficient structure is unique to UK and Irish residents and is one of the most compelling reasons for British traders to use spread betting over CFDs.
Tax treatment depends on individual circumstances and can change. We recommend consulting a qualified UK tax adviser before making decisions based on tax treatment.
ETF CFD Trading: CGT Applicable
Profits from ETF CFDs are subject to Capital Gains Tax. The current UK CGT annual exempt amount is £3,000 (2024/25). Any gains above this threshold are taxed at 18% (basic rate) or 24% (higher rate) for UK residents as of the 2024/25 tax year.
ETF CFDs are also not eligible for holding in an ISA or SIPP wrapper. Only physical ETF units purchased through CMC Invest (or another stockbroker) can benefit from ISA tax shelter.
Stamp Duty
Neither ETF CFDs nor ETF spread bets attract stamp duty, as you are not taking ownership of the underlying ETF units. This contrasts with buying physical ETF shares directly, where 0.5% stamp duty reserve tax (SDRT) typically applies.
Execution Quality for ETF Trading at CMC Markets
CMC Markets achieves a median trade execution speed of 0.009 seconds (9 milliseconds) on its web and mobile platforms, measured across the 12-month period from April 2024 to March 2025. This positions CMC Markets at the faster end of the retail CFD execution spectrum for UK traders.
Key execution characteristics:
No dealer intervention — CMC operates a no-dealing desk (NDD) model for most instruments, meaning orders are processed automatically without manual dealer acceptance or rejection.
No partial fills based on size — Positions are filled without partial fills based on size under normal market conditions.
Slippage management — Slippage (where a position is filled at a different price from the one requested) is most likely during major news events. CMC’s guaranteed stop-loss order feature, available on most ETF instruments for a small additional cost, provides certainty of execution at the nominated stop level even during volatile markets.
CMC Markets ETF Trading: Key Costs Summary Table
Cost Element | ETF CFD (UK) | ETF Spread Bet (UK) |
Spread | Variable (disclosed in platform) | Variable (plus additional spread) |
Commission (entry + exit) | Yes — 0.10% / min €9 (EU ETFs); $10 max (US ETFs) | No commission |
Overnight holding cost | Yes — reference rate ± 0.0082% p.a. / 365 | Yes — similar formula |
Leverage limit (retail) | 1:5 | 1:5 |
Capital Gains Tax | Yes | No (generally exempt) |
Stamp Duty | No | No |
Inactivity fee | £10/month after 12 months no activity | £10/month after 12 months no activity |
Account opening fee | None | None |
Minimum deposit | None (£0) | None (£0) |
How Do CMC Markets’ ETF Conditions Compare to UK Competitors?
Understanding where CMC Markets sits relative to other FCA-regulated brokers is essential for UK traders who want the best available conditions for their specific ETF trading approach.
CMC Markets vs IG
IG is CMC Markets’ closest competitor in the UK spread betting and CFD space. Both hold FCA authorisation and have decades of operating history. IG offers a slightly larger instrument range overall, but CMC’s ETF catalogue of 1,000+ instruments is broadly comparable. CMC Markets tends to offer tighter spreads on standard accounts for UK and European ETFs, particularly outside peak liquidity hours, while IG has a broader options suite across multiple asset classes.
CMC Markets vs Pepperstone
Pepperstone is one of the leading CFD brokers for active UK traders, particularly those seeking raw ECN spreads. On Pepperstone’s Razor account, forex spreads can approach 0.0 pips with a commission, which is narrower than CMC’s standard account. However, Pepperstone’s ETF offering is more limited than CMC’s 1,000+ ETF catalogue, and Pepperstone does not offer spread betting — meaning UK traders using Pepperstone cannot access the CGT-exempt tax structure available at CMC. For a detailed side-by-side analysis of the Best CFD Brokers in the UK, CompareBroker.io’s comparison tool provides a structured view.
CMC Markets vs Spreadbetting Specialists
Some smaller spread betting specialists offer tighter ETF spreads on a narrower range of instruments. CMC Markets’ strength is breadth — 1,000+ ETFs accessible via spread bet — which is unmatched among UK-regulated spread betting providers of comparable regulatory standing. For traders wanting to compare the full UK spread betting landscape, the Top Spread Betting Brokers guide on CompareBroker.io provides a thorough breakdown.
CMC Markets vs Fixed Spread Brokers
Some UK traders prefer fixed spread accounts where the spread does not widen during volatile sessions. CMC Markets operates on a variable spread model, which can be more cost-efficient during calm market conditions but widens during high-impact events. For traders who routinely trade ETFs around news releases and want spread certainty, comparing Fixed Spread Brokers may be worthwhile.
ETF Trading Strategies Well-Suited to CMC Markets
Short-Term Tactical ETF Trades
Traders who want to express a short-term view on a sector, geography, or thematic ETF will find CMC Markets’ combination of tight spreads, fast execution, and guaranteed stop-losses well-suited. The spread betting account delivers this with CGT exemption.
Going Short on ETFs
One of the primary advantages of trading ETF CFDs or spread bets versus holding physical ETFs is the ability to go short — profiting from falling prices. With traditional ETF investment, you can only profit when the ETF rises. Through CMC Markets, short positions on ETFs are opened as simply as long positions.
Hedging an Existing ETF Portfolio
UK investors who hold a diversified ETF portfolio in an ISA (through a stockbroker) can use CMC Markets’ ETF CFDs or spread bets to hedge against short-term downside risk without selling their ISA holdings and triggering a taxable event. This is a sophisticated but practical approach for UK wealth managers and active retail investors.
Spread Betting ETF Options
CMC Markets offers options on selected ETFs — specifically on precious metal ETFs and leading indices. This opens up additional strategic possibilities, including buying puts for portfolio protection or writing calls to generate income against existing ETF positions.
Key Risks of ETF Trading at CMC Markets UK
Transparency requires an honest discussion of risks. The FCA mandates that brokers prominently disclose that 68% of retail investor accounts lose money when spread betting and/or trading CFDs at CMC Markets. This is not a figure to dismiss.
Leverage amplification — ETF leverage of 1:5 means a 20% adverse move in an ETF wipes out your entire margin on that position. ETFs can and do move significantly during macro events.
Overnight financing drag — Holding leveraged ETF positions for weeks or months generates cumulative financing costs that can erode returns even when the ETF itself rises.
Spread widening — During market stress, ETF spreads at CMC Markets will widen materially. Guaranteed stop-losses mitigate execution risk but come at an additional cost.
Platform and connectivity risk — Like all online trading platforms, CMC Markets is subject to potential system outages, which is particularly relevant for traders relying on automated or time-sensitive strategies.
Regulatory change — FCA leverage limits, tax treatment of spread betting, and capital requirements for retail CFD brokers can all change. UK traders should monitor FCA publications and CMC Markets’ regulatory communications.
How to Open an Account and Start Trading ETFs at CMC Markets
The account opening process at CMC Markets is fully digital and typically completes within a few hours, subject to identity verification. Steps for UK residents:
- Visit cmcmarkets.com and select your account type (CFD, Spread Betting, or FX Active)
- Complete the online application with personal details, UK address, and National Insurance number
- Answer suitability questionnaire questions about trading experience and financial circumstances (required under FCA rules)
- Submit proof of identity (passport or driving licence) and proof of UK address
- Once approved, fund your account via debit card or bank transfer — there is no minimum deposit requirement at CMC Markets UK
- Access the ETF catalogue under “Markets” within the Next Generation platform or TradingView
CMC Markets also offers a demo account pre-loaded with £10,000 of virtual funds, which allows new traders to explore the full ETF catalogue and practice position management before risking live capital.
Frequently Asked Questions: ETF Trading at CMC Markets UK
What is the maximum leverage for ETF CFDs at CMC Markets UK? Under FCA rules, retail clients can access a maximum of 1:5 leverage on ETF CFDs and spread bets. Professional clients may access higher leverage after meeting the FCA’s elective professional criteria.
Can I spread bet on ETFs at CMC Markets? Yes. CMC Markets offers spread betting on over 1,000 ETFs through CMC Spreadbet plc. Profits from spread betting are generally exempt from Capital Gains Tax for UK residents.
Does CMC Markets charge commission on ETF trades? Yes, for ETF CFDs. Commission is 0.10% of trade value (minimum €9 for European ETFs, maximum USD 10 for US ETFs). ETF spread bets do not charge a separate commission — the cost is built into the spread.
What ETF overnight holding costs does CMC Markets charge? Holding costs for ETF positions are calculated using the reference overnight interest rate for the ETF’s currency, plus or minus 0.0082% per day. This is applied at 10pm UK time to any open positions.
Is CMC Markets regulated in the UK? Yes. CMC Markets UK plc is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). UK retail clients are covered by FSCS protection up to £85,000 and benefit from negative balance protection, segregated client funds, and access to the Financial Ombudsman Service.
Can I access ETFs on MT4 at CMC Markets? No. MT4 at CMC Markets does not provide access to ETFs, shares, rates, or bonds. ETF trading requires the Next Generation platform or TradingView (CFD account only).
Is there a minimum deposit to trade ETFs at CMC Markets UK? There is no minimum deposit requirement. However, you will need sufficient margin to open a position, which at 1:5 leverage means 20% of the notional trade value.
What happens if I hold an ETF spread bet overnight? Overnight holding costs are deducted (or credited, for short positions) at 10pm UK time. Costs are calculated using the reference interest rate plus CMC’s 0.0082% daily adjustment on the notional trade value.
Verdict: Are CMC Markets’ ETF Trading Conditions Right for UK Traders?
CMC Markets presents one of the strongest overall ETF trading environments available to UK retail traders in 2026. The combination of over 1,000 ETFs, a tax-efficient spread betting option, FCA-grade consumer protections, FSCS cover up to £85,000, execution speeds under 10 milliseconds, and a world-class proprietary platform make it a genuinely formidable proposition.
The areas where traders should exercise caution are the commission structure on ETF CFDs (which adds a cost layer absent in the spread betting account), the wider-than-ECN spreads compared to Pepperstone’s Razor account on forex (though CMC’s ETF spreads are competitive for the catalogue depth), and the 1:5 leverage cap that reflects the FCA’s deliberate conservatism on retail ETF exposure.
For UK spread bettors seeking broad ETF market access with CGT exemption, CMC Markets is difficult to beat. For professional-grade traders requiring the absolute tightest ETF CFD spreads, comparing CMC Markets against other FCA-regulated alternatives using the Compare All Brokers tool at CompareBroker.io is a worthwhile exercise before committing your capital.
For traders specifically focused on cost minimisation across frequent trades, reviewing the Compare Zero Spread Brokerscomparison may also identify platforms with lower per-trade costs on high-volume ETF strategies, even if those platforms lack CMC’s regulatory depth and ETF breadth.
This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice. CompareBroker.io has financial relationships with some brokers mentioned and may be compensated if readers open accounts via links on this site. Trading ETF CFDs and spread bets involves significant risk. Always consider your financial circumstances, experience level, and risk tolerance before trading leveraged instruments. Capital at risk.
CMC Markets data sourced from cmcmarkets.com and independent broker reviews. Accurate as of May 2026.
